Monday, August 5, 2019
Frequency Swept Source using Xilinx DDS Compiler
Frequency Swept Source using Xilinx DDS Compiler Abstract This paper presents a module which basically is a frequency swept source (chirp signal), which sweeps from 1MHz to 10 MHz in 10 microseconds. The module was designed by using the DDS IP core in Xilinx. It is designed to be run on the ZedBoard Zynq Evaluation and Development Kit (xc7z020clg484-1). Keywords-frequency swept source; chirp signal ; DDS Compiler; This module was designed as a part of the coursework assignment of ECE 580B4 FPGA Signal Proc/Software Defined Radio. The purpose of this assignment was to design a frequency swept source which will be extensively used in testing the Digital FIR filters that are to be designed and implemented as a part of the future coursework. A. DDS IP Core Compiler The Xilinx DDS core compiler implements high performance phase generation and phase to sinusoid circuits with AXI-4 stream compliant features. The core sources sinusoidal waveforms for use in many applications. This module comes with an inbuilt sine and cosine Look up table and a phase generator. For the purposes of this assignment, the DDS compiler was configured to receive a streaming phase input and the phase width resolution is set to 8 bits to make the design more space efficient and to make the simulations run faster. B. Frequency swept Source Design The Frequency Swept source is coded as a synthesizable Verilog module. In this Verilog Module, The DDS Compiler was instantiated and appropriate phase data is streamed by feeding the data into the s_axis_phase_tdata. s_axis_phase_tvalid is always set to 1 for the purposes of this assignment. The frequency swept source is expected to sweep from 1Mhz to 10 Mhz in 10 micro-seconds. This basically translates to an increment of 1Mhz in every microsecond. So, initially the increment has been calculated to generate a 1Mhz signal and then the increment is ramped up linearly to generate the desired chirp signal. The following expression has been used to derive the phase increment value. Fout = fclk* (dt)/ (2^(B)); Here, fout is the output frequency, fclk is the clock frequency, dt is the phase increment and B refers to the phase width. The above equation, for an 8bit phase width, 100 Mhz source to generate a 1Mhz output signal basically expects a phase increment of 2.56. But in this design this has been rounded off to 3. So, a phase increment of 3 refers to an output of 1Mz signal and a phase increment of 6 refers to an output of 2Mhz signal etc. The value of phase increment should realistically increment upto 25.6, so this number will be rounded off to 25. Now, is basically comes down to generating 22 different values for phase increment in a matter of 10 microseconds. In out design, the timescale has been set to 1ns. Now to figure out the delay to increase the value of phase increment in steps of 1, we need to impart a suitable amount of delay. This delay is calculated as shown below Delay = [10u/(22)] * 10^3 nano seconds. [Assuming a delay of one unit refers to one nano second]. The value of delay comes out to be 454.54 cycles. So, basically, we increase the value of phase-increment in steps of 1 from a starting value of 3 after every 455 clock cycles. This makes sure we are getting appropriate ramping up of the phase increment value to generate the desired sweep.       module freq_sweep(    input clk,                           output reg [7:0] sin,                           output reg [7:0] cos                          );                        reg[7:0] phase_data;                          wire phase_valid;                          wire [15:0] nco_data;                          wire nco_valid;                          integer i;                       assign phase_valid =1;        initial begin        phase_data = 3;        end        dds_compiler_0 DUT(  .aclk(clk),                              .m_axis_data_tdata(nco_data),                              .m_axis_phase_tvalid(nco_valid),                              .s_axis_phase_tvalid (phase_valid),                              .s_axis_phase_tdata (phase_data)                              );                   always @(posedge clk) begin            if (phase_valid == 1) begin              sin = nco_data [15:8];              cos = nco_data [7:0];              end            end            always begin                   for (i=3; i
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